Meaning

An informal devotional song expressing personal love and longing for the divine, typically in vernacular languages.

Etymology

Sanskrit bhaj (to adore, to worship, to share) — an informal devotional song expressing love for the divine, often in vernacular language.

Detailed Explanation

Bhajana (bhajan) is an informal devotional song — more personal and emotionally direct than a stotra. While stotras are typically in classical Sanskrit with fixed meters, bhajans are composed in vernacular languages (Hindi, Braj Bhasha, Awadhi, Marathi, Tamil, Kannada, Telugu) and are characterized by their accessible, heart-centred quality. The bhakti movement saints (Mirabai, Kabir, Tukaram, Tyagaraja, Purandaradasa) composed thousands of bhajans expressing direct, personal devotion. Bhajans are typically call-and-response, sung in a group (satsang) setting with harmonium and tabla. Famous bhajan compositions include Mirabai's devotionals to Krishna, Kabir's dohas, and Surdas's Pad Sangrah.

Related terms