Meaning
The most widely used Vedic planetary period system — a 120-year cycle of nine planetary periods based on the Moon's nakshatra at birth.
Etymology
Sanskrit viṃśa (twenty) + uttara (beyond) — the 120-year planetary period system that goes 'beyond twenty' — 120 years total.
Detailed Explanation
Viṃśottarī Dasha is the most universally used planetary period system in Vedic astrology. It allocates a total of 120 years across nine planets in a fixed sequence — Sun (6), Moon (10), Mars (7), Rahu (18), Jupiter (16), Saturn (19), Mercury (17), Ketu (7), Venus (20). The starting point of the sequence is determined by the Moon's position at birth: the nakshatra the Moon occupies determines which dasha is active at birth, and how far through it (based on the Moon's degree within the nakshatra). Parashara recommends this dasha for Kali Yuga. Its widespread use makes it the primary timing tool in most Vedic readings worldwide.